A recent study of adjunctive dexamethasone therapy in infants and children with bacterial meningitis showed that the incidence of longterm neurologic sequelae was lower in the corticosteroid group. Risk factors associated with the outcomes of pediatric. However, permanent disabilities such as brain damage, hearing loss, and learning disabilities can result from the infection. Bacterial meningitis is a severe, lifethreatening infection of the central nervous system that requires immediate medical attention. Management of bacterial meningitis clinical practice guideline local protocols are in place in all hospitals and facilities likely to be required to assess or manage paediatric patients with bacterial meningitis ensure that all staff treating paediatric patients are educated in the use of the locally developed paediatric protocols. Analysis of the risk associated with the causative organism of bacterial meningitis was difficult, because most studies included patients with laboratory and clinical findings suggestive of meningitis, but lacked isolation of the etiologic agent using either microbiological or molecular tests. Dexamethasone and other measures to prevent neurologic complications. Jul 16, 2019 meningitis is a clinical syndrome characterized by inflammation of the meninges. Impact of vaccination on meningococcal epidemiology.
Even with appropriate treatment, morbidity and mortality can be substantial. In 2015, who estimated deaths in all ages from meningitis at about 290,000. It can be treated with appropriate antibiotics that also prevents spread. A quick reference guide for health authorities and healthcare workers. Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease of the membranes lining the brain resulting in a high. Pdf validity of score boyer, to differential diagnosis.
The mortality rate of untreated bacterial meningitis approaches 100 percent and, even with optimal therapy, morbidity and mortality may occur. Diagnostico etiologico en meningitis y encefalitis por. Meningitis bacteriana meningitis especialidades medicas. With appropriate treatment the risk of death in bacterial meningitis is less than 15%. Bacterial meningitis is a lifethreatening condition that requires prompt recognition and treatment. Meningitis is an infection of the meninges, the membrane covering the brain. Attributes of good guidelines include validity, reliability, reproducibility, clinical applicability, clinical flexibility, clarity, multidisciplinary process. This axial nonenhanced computed tomography scan shows mild ventriculomegaly and sulcal effacement. Duration of symptoms and outcome in bacterial meningitis. Suspected bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency, and immediate diagnostic steps must be taken to establish the specific cause so that appropriate antimicrobial therapy can be initiated. Bacterial meningitis is very serious and can be deadly.
Clinical features and epidemiology of septicaemia and meningitis in neonates due to streptococcus. This resulted in 379,000 deathsdown from 464,000 deaths in 1990. Meningitis can result from many causes, both infectious and noninfectious. Oct 29, 2015 impact of vaccination against menc on imd and carriage in industrialized countries. Meningitis can be caused by many different pathogens including viruses and fungi but the highest global burden is seen with bacterial meningitis. Pdf meningitis bacteriana por listeria monocytogenes. Meningitis bacteriana aguda revista medica clinica las. Meningitis is a devastating disease and remains a major public health challenge. Together with sepsis, meningitis is estimated to cause more deaths in children under 5 years of age than malaria. Cerebrospinal fluid findings in aseptic versus bacterial meningitis. Google scholarthomas karen e, hasbun rodrigo, jekel james, quagliarello vincent j. Patients with bacterial meningitis are usually treated by primary care and emergency medicine physicians at the time of initial presentation, often in consultation with infectious diseases specialists, neurologists, and neurosurgeons. After confirming the cases, they are classified as meningococcal disease, tuberculous.
In brazil, meningitis is a notifiable disease that must be notified within 24 hours. The most common symptoms are fever, headache, and neck stiffness. Carmen conde garcia4, rafael carranza gonzalez5, m. Bacterial meningitis is very serious because its onset is rapid and the infection is associated with a significant risk of death. The mortality rate of untreated disease due to streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae approaches 100 percent, and even with optimal therapy, it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Meningitis about bacterial meningitis infection cdc. It aims to reduce deaths and disability by promoting early recognition of symptoms and timely effective management. Clinical practice guideline summary clinical practice guidelines for the acute management of infants and children with bacterial meningitis. This guideline covers recognising, diagnosing and managing bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia blood poisoning in babies, children and young people under 16. Clinical infectious diseases, volume 39, issue 9, 1 november 2004, pages 12671284. Introduction bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency, and immediate steps must be taken to establish the specific cause and initiate effective therapy. Who african region was estimated to have more than 60% of the deaths for allcause meningitis12. In february 2015, reference to throat swabs was removed. Variability in the incidence of imd in the absence of vaccination, both overall and by serogroup, complicates the assessment of vaccine effects.
Practice guidelines are systematically developed statements to assist practitioners and patients in making decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances. Despite breakthroughs in diagnosis, treatment, and vaccination, in 2015, there were 8. Validity of score boyer, to differential diagnosis between bacterial and nonbacterial meningitis. Beyond the newborn period, the most common causes of bacterial meningitis are neisseria meningitidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and haemophilus influenzae. It is essential for clinicians to recognize the clinical signs and symptoms of meningitis and understand its management and prevention. Other symptoms include confusion or altered consciousness, vomiting, and an inability to tolerate light or loud noises. Meningitis bacteriana care guide information en espanol. The objective of these practice guidelines is to provide clinicians with recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial meningitis. Meningitis bacteriana aguda marzo 2017 elaborado por maria franco huerta1 revisado por enrique botia paniagua2, rafael garcia ruiz2, pablo del saz saucedo2, miguel mora fernandez caballero3, m. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site.
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